pythondoc-elementtree.ElementTree.html 35 KB

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  1. <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC '-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN' 'http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd'>
  2. <html>
  3. <head>
  4. <meta http-equiv='Content-Type' content='text/html; charset=us-ascii' />
  5. <title>The elementtree.ElementTree Module</title>
  6. <link rel='stylesheet' href='effbot.css' type='text/css' />
  7. </head>
  8. <body>
  9. <h1>The elementtree.ElementTree Module</h1>
  10. <p>The <b>Element</b> type is a flexible container object, designed to
  11. store hierarchical data structures in memory. The type can be
  12. described as a cross between a list and a dictionary.
  13. </p><p>
  14. Each element has a number of properties associated with it:
  15. <ul>
  16. <li>a <i>tag</i>. This is a string identifying what kind of data
  17. this element represents (the element type, in other words).</li>
  18. <li>a number of <i>attributes</i>, stored in a Python dictionary.</li>
  19. <li>a <i>text</i> string.</li>
  20. <li>an optional <i>tail</i> string.</li>
  21. <li>a number of <i>child elements</i>, stored in a Python sequence</li>
  22. </ul>
  23. To create an element instance, use the <a class="link" href="#elementtree.ElementTree.Element-function"><b>Element</b></a> or <a class="link" href="#elementtree.ElementTree.SubElement-function"><b>SubElement</b></a> factory functions.
  24. </p><p>
  25. The <a class="link" href="#elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree-class"><b>ElementTree</b></a> class can be used to wrap an element
  26. structure, and convert it from and to XML.
  27. </p><h2>Module Contents</h2>
  28. <dl>
  29. <dt><b>_ElementInterface(tag, attrib)</b> (class) [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface-class'>#</a>]</dt>
  30. <dd>
  31. <p>Internal element class.</p>
  32. <p>For more information about this class, see <a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface-class'><i>The _ElementInterface Class</i></a>.</p>
  33. </dd>
  34. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.Comment-function' name='elementtree.ElementTree.Comment-function'><b>Comment(text=None)</b></a> &rArr; Element [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.Comment-function'>#</a>]</dt>
  35. <dd>
  36. <p>Comment element factory. This factory function creates a special
  37. element that will be serialized as an XML comment.
  38. </p><p>
  39. The comment string can be either an 8-bit ASCII string or a Unicode
  40. string.
  41. </p><dl>
  42. <dt><i>text</i></dt>
  43. <dd>
  44. A string containing the comment string.</dd>
  45. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  46. <dd>
  47. An element instance, representing a comment.</dd>
  48. </dl><br />
  49. </dd>
  50. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.dump-function' name='elementtree.ElementTree.dump-function'><b>dump(elem)</b></a> [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.dump-function'>#</a>]</dt>
  51. <dd>
  52. <p>Writes an element tree or element structure to sys.stdout. This
  53. function should be used for debugging only.
  54. </p><p>
  55. The exact output format is implementation dependent. In this
  56. version, it's written as an ordinary XML file.
  57. </p><dl>
  58. <dt><i>elem</i></dt>
  59. <dd>
  60. An element tree or an individual element.</dd>
  61. </dl><br />
  62. </dd>
  63. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.Element-function' name='elementtree.ElementTree.Element-function'><b>Element(tag, attrib={}, **extra)</b></a> &rArr; Element [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.Element-function'>#</a>]</dt>
  64. <dd>
  65. <p>Element factory. This function returns an object implementing the
  66. standard Element interface. The exact class or type of that object
  67. is implementation dependent, but it will always be compatible with
  68. the <a class="link" href="#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface-class"><b>_ElementInterface</b></a> class in this module.
  69. </p><p>
  70. The element name, attribute names, and attribute values can be
  71. either 8-bit ASCII strings or Unicode strings.
  72. </p><dl>
  73. <dt><i>tag</i></dt>
  74. <dd>
  75. The element name.</dd>
  76. <dt><i>attrib</i></dt>
  77. <dd>
  78. An optional dictionary, containing element attributes.</dd>
  79. <dt><i>**extra</i></dt>
  80. <dd>
  81. Additional attributes, given as keyword arguments.</dd>
  82. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  83. <dd>
  84. An element instance.</dd>
  85. </dl><br />
  86. </dd>
  87. <dt><b>ElementTree(element=None, file=None)</b> (class) [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree-class'>#</a>]</dt>
  88. <dd>
  89. <p>ElementTree wrapper class.</p>
  90. <dl>
  91. <dt><i>element</i></dt>
  92. <dd>
  93. Optional root element.</dd>
  94. <dt><i>file=</i></dt>
  95. <dd>
  96. Optional file handle or name. If given, the
  97. tree is initialized with the contents of this XML file.</dd>
  98. </dl><br />
  99. <p>For more information about this class, see <a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree-class'><i>The ElementTree Class</i></a>.</p>
  100. </dd>
  101. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.fromstring-variable' name='elementtree.ElementTree.fromstring-variable'><b>fromstring</b></a> (variable) [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.fromstring-variable'>#</a>]</dt>
  102. <dd>
  103. <p>Parses an XML document from a string constant. Same as <a class="link" href="#elementtree.ElementTree.XML-function"><b>XML</b></a>.
  104. </p><dl>
  105. <dt><i>source</i></dt>
  106. <dd>
  107. A string containing XML data.</dd>
  108. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  109. <dd>
  110. An Element instance.</dd>
  111. </dl><br />
  112. </dd>
  113. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.iselement-function' name='elementtree.ElementTree.iselement-function'><b>iselement(element)</b></a> &rArr; flag [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.iselement-function'>#</a>]</dt>
  114. <dd>
  115. <p>Checks if an object appears to be a valid element object.</p>
  116. <dl>
  117. <dt><i>An</i></dt>
  118. <dd>
  119. element instance.</dd>
  120. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  121. <dd>
  122. A true value if this is an element object.</dd>
  123. </dl><br />
  124. </dd>
  125. <dt><b>iterparse(source, events=None)</b> (class) [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.iterparse-class'>#</a>]</dt>
  126. <dd>
  127. <p>Parses an XML document into an element tree incrementally, and reports
  128. what's going on to the user.</p>
  129. <dl>
  130. <dt><i>source</i></dt>
  131. <dd>
  132. A filename or file object containing XML data.</dd>
  133. <dt><i>events</i></dt>
  134. <dd>
  135. A list of events to report back. If omitted, only &quot;end&quot;
  136. events are reported.</dd>
  137. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  138. <dd>
  139. A (event, elem) iterator.</dd>
  140. </dl><br />
  141. <p>For more information about this class, see <a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.iterparse-class'><i>The iterparse Class</i></a>.</p>
  142. </dd>
  143. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.parse-function' name='elementtree.ElementTree.parse-function'><b>parse(source, parser=None)</b></a> [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.parse-function'>#</a>]</dt>
  144. <dd>
  145. <p>Parses an XML document into an element tree.</p>
  146. <dl>
  147. <dt><i>source</i></dt>
  148. <dd>
  149. A filename or file object containing XML data.</dd>
  150. <dt><i>parser</i></dt>
  151. <dd>
  152. An optional parser instance. If not given, the
  153. standard <a class="link" href="#elementtree.ElementTree.XMLTreeBuilder-class"><b>XMLTreeBuilder</b></a> parser is used.
  154. </dd>
  155. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  156. <dd>
  157. An ElementTree instance</dd>
  158. </dl><br />
  159. </dd>
  160. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.ProcessingInstruction-function' name='elementtree.ElementTree.ProcessingInstruction-function'><b>ProcessingInstruction(target, text=None)</b></a> &rArr; Element [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.ProcessingInstruction-function'>#</a>]</dt>
  161. <dd>
  162. <p>PI element factory. This factory function creates a special element
  163. that will be serialized as an XML processing instruction.</p>
  164. <dl>
  165. <dt><i>target</i></dt>
  166. <dd>
  167. A string containing the PI target.</dd>
  168. <dt><i>text</i></dt>
  169. <dd>
  170. A string containing the PI contents, if any.</dd>
  171. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  172. <dd>
  173. An element instance, representing a PI.</dd>
  174. </dl><br />
  175. </dd>
  176. <dt><b>QName(text_or_uri, tag=None)</b> (class) [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.QName-class'>#</a>]</dt>
  177. <dd>
  178. <p>QName wrapper.</p>
  179. <dl>
  180. <dt><i>text</i></dt>
  181. <dd>
  182. A string containing the QName value, in the form {uri}local,
  183. or, if the tag argument is given, the URI part of a QName.</dd>
  184. <dt><i>tag</i></dt>
  185. <dd>
  186. Optional tag. If given, the first argument is interpreted as
  187. an URI, and this argument is interpreted as a local name.</dd>
  188. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  189. <dd>
  190. An opaque object, representing the QName.</dd>
  191. </dl><br />
  192. <p>For more information about this class, see <a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.QName-class'><i>The QName Class</i></a>.</p>
  193. </dd>
  194. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.SubElement-function' name='elementtree.ElementTree.SubElement-function'><b>SubElement(parent, tag, attrib={}, **extra)</b></a> &rArr; Element [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.SubElement-function'>#</a>]</dt>
  195. <dd>
  196. <p>Subelement factory. This function creates an element instance, and
  197. appends it to an existing element.
  198. </p><p>
  199. The element name, attribute names, and attribute values can be
  200. either 8-bit ASCII strings or Unicode strings.
  201. </p><dl>
  202. <dt><i>parent</i></dt>
  203. <dd>
  204. The parent element.</dd>
  205. <dt><i>tag</i></dt>
  206. <dd>
  207. The subelement name.</dd>
  208. <dt><i>attrib</i></dt>
  209. <dd>
  210. An optional dictionary, containing element attributes.</dd>
  211. <dt><i>**extra</i></dt>
  212. <dd>
  213. Additional attributes, given as keyword arguments.</dd>
  214. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  215. <dd>
  216. An element instance.</dd>
  217. </dl><br />
  218. </dd>
  219. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.tostring-function' name='elementtree.ElementTree.tostring-function'><b>tostring(element, encoding=None)</b></a> &rArr; string [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.tostring-function'>#</a>]</dt>
  220. <dd>
  221. <p>Generates a string representation of an XML element, including all
  222. subelements.</p>
  223. <dl>
  224. <dt><i>element</i></dt>
  225. <dd>
  226. An Element instance.</dd>
  227. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  228. <dd>
  229. An encoded string containing the XML data.</dd>
  230. </dl><br />
  231. </dd>
  232. <dt><b>TreeBuilder(element_factory=None)</b> (class) [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder-class'>#</a>]</dt>
  233. <dd>
  234. <p>Generic element structure builder.</p>
  235. <dl>
  236. <dt><i>element_factory</i></dt>
  237. <dd>
  238. Optional element factory. This factory
  239. is called to create new Element instances, as necessary.</dd>
  240. </dl><br />
  241. <p>For more information about this class, see <a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder-class'><i>The TreeBuilder Class</i></a>.</p>
  242. </dd>
  243. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.XML-function' name='elementtree.ElementTree.XML-function'><b>XML(text)</b></a> &rArr; Element [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.XML-function'>#</a>]</dt>
  244. <dd>
  245. <p>Parses an XML document from a string constant. This function can
  246. be used to embed &quot;XML literals&quot; in Python code.</p>
  247. <dl>
  248. <dt><i>source</i></dt>
  249. <dd>
  250. A string containing XML data.</dd>
  251. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  252. <dd>
  253. An Element instance.</dd>
  254. </dl><br />
  255. </dd>
  256. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.XMLID-function' name='elementtree.ElementTree.XMLID-function'><b>XMLID(text)</b></a> &rArr; (Element, dictionary) [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.XMLID-function'>#</a>]</dt>
  257. <dd>
  258. <p>Parses an XML document from a string constant, and also returns
  259. a dictionary which maps from element id:s to elements.</p>
  260. <dl>
  261. <dt><i>source</i></dt>
  262. <dd>
  263. A string containing XML data.</dd>
  264. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  265. <dd>
  266. A tuple containing an Element instance and a dictionary.</dd>
  267. </dl><br />
  268. </dd>
  269. <dt><b>XMLTreeBuilder(html=0, target=None)</b> (class) [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.XMLTreeBuilder-class'>#</a>]</dt>
  270. <dd>
  271. <p>Element structure builder for XML source data, based on the
  272. expat parser.</p>
  273. <dl>
  274. <dt><i>target=</i></dt>
  275. <dd>
  276. Target object. If omitted, the builder uses an
  277. instance of the standard <a class="link" href="#elementtree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder-class"><b>TreeBuilder</b></a> class.
  278. </dd>
  279. <dt><i>html=</i></dt>
  280. <dd>
  281. Predefine HTML entities. This flag is not supported
  282. by the current implementation.</dd>
  283. </dl><br />
  284. <p>For more information about this class, see <a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.XMLTreeBuilder-class'><i>The XMLTreeBuilder Class</i></a>.</p>
  285. </dd>
  286. </dl>
  287. <h2><a id='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface-class' name='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface-class'>The _ElementInterface Class</a></h2>
  288. <dl>
  289. <dt><b>_ElementInterface(tag, attrib)</b> (class) [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface-class'>#</a>]</dt>
  290. <dd>
  291. <p>Internal element class. This class defines the Element interface,
  292. and provides a reference implementation of this interface.
  293. </p><p>
  294. You should not create instances of this class directly. Use the
  295. appropriate factory functions instead, such as <a class="link" href="#elementtree.ElementTree.Element-function"><b>Element</b></a>
  296. and <a class="link" href="#elementtree.ElementTree.SubElement-function"><b>SubElement</b></a>.
  297. </p></dd>
  298. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.__delitem__-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.__delitem__-method'><b>__delitem__(index)</b></a> [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.__delitem__-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  299. <dd>
  300. <p>Deletes the given subelement.</p>
  301. <dl>
  302. <dt><i>index</i></dt>
  303. <dd>
  304. What subelement to delete.</dd>
  305. <dt>Raises <b>IndexError</b>:</dt><dd>
  306. If the given element does not exist.</dd>
  307. </dl><br />
  308. </dd>
  309. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.__delslice__-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.__delslice__-method'><b>__delslice__(start, stop)</b></a> [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.__delslice__-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  310. <dd>
  311. <p>Deletes a number of subelements.</p>
  312. <dl>
  313. <dt><i>start</i></dt>
  314. <dd>
  315. The first subelement to delete.</dd>
  316. <dt><i>stop</i></dt>
  317. <dd>
  318. The first subelement to leave in there.</dd>
  319. </dl><br />
  320. </dd>
  321. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.__getitem__-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.__getitem__-method'><b>__getitem__(index)</b></a> [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.__getitem__-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  322. <dd>
  323. <p>Returns the given subelement.</p>
  324. <dl>
  325. <dt><i>index</i></dt>
  326. <dd>
  327. What subelement to return.</dd>
  328. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  329. <dd>
  330. The given subelement.</dd>
  331. <dt>Raises <b>IndexError</b>:</dt><dd>
  332. If the given element does not exist.</dd>
  333. </dl><br />
  334. </dd>
  335. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.__getslice__-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.__getslice__-method'><b>__getslice__(start, stop)</b></a> [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.__getslice__-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  336. <dd>
  337. <p>Returns a list containing subelements in the given range.</p>
  338. <dl>
  339. <dt><i>start</i></dt>
  340. <dd>
  341. The first subelement to return.</dd>
  342. <dt><i>stop</i></dt>
  343. <dd>
  344. The first subelement that shouldn't be returned.</dd>
  345. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  346. <dd>
  347. A sequence object containing subelements.</dd>
  348. </dl><br />
  349. </dd>
  350. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.__len__-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.__len__-method'><b>__len__()</b></a> [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.__len__-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  351. <dd>
  352. <p>Returns the number of subelements.</p>
  353. <dl>
  354. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  355. <dd>
  356. The number of subelements.</dd>
  357. </dl><br />
  358. </dd>
  359. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.__setitem__-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.__setitem__-method'><b>__setitem__(index, element)</b></a> [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.__setitem__-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  360. <dd>
  361. <p>Replaces the given subelement.</p>
  362. <dl>
  363. <dt><i>index</i></dt>
  364. <dd>
  365. What subelement to replace.</dd>
  366. <dt><i>element</i></dt>
  367. <dd>
  368. The new element value.</dd>
  369. <dt>Raises <b>IndexError</b>:</dt><dd>
  370. If the given element does not exist.</dd>
  371. <dt>Raises <b>AssertionError</b>:</dt><dd>
  372. If element is not a valid object.</dd>
  373. </dl><br />
  374. </dd>
  375. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.__setslice__-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.__setslice__-method'><b>__setslice__(start, stop, elements)</b></a> [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.__setslice__-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  376. <dd>
  377. <p>Replaces a number of subelements with elements from a sequence.</p>
  378. <dl>
  379. <dt><i>start</i></dt>
  380. <dd>
  381. The first subelement to replace.</dd>
  382. <dt><i>stop</i></dt>
  383. <dd>
  384. The first subelement that shouldn't be replaced.</dd>
  385. <dt><i>elements</i></dt>
  386. <dd>
  387. A sequence object with zero or more elements.</dd>
  388. <dt>Raises <b>AssertionError</b>:</dt><dd>
  389. If a sequence member is not a valid object.</dd>
  390. </dl><br />
  391. </dd>
  392. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.append-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.append-method'><b>append(element)</b></a> [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.append-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  393. <dd>
  394. <p>Adds a subelement to the end of this element.</p>
  395. <dl>
  396. <dt><i>element</i></dt>
  397. <dd>
  398. The element to add.</dd>
  399. <dt>Raises <b>AssertionError</b>:</dt><dd>
  400. If a sequence member is not a valid object.</dd>
  401. </dl><br />
  402. </dd>
  403. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.attrib-attribute' name='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.attrib-attribute'><b>attrib</b></a> [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.attrib-attribute'>#</a>]</dt>
  404. <dd>
  405. <p>(Attribute) Element attribute dictionary. Where possible, use
  406. <a class="link" href="#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.get-method"><b>get</b></a>,
  407. <a class="link" href="#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.set-method"><b>set</b></a>,
  408. <a class="link" href="#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.keys-method"><b>keys</b></a>, and
  409. <a class="link" href="#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.items-method"><b>items</b></a> to access
  410. element attributes.
  411. </p></dd>
  412. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.clear-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.clear-method'><b>clear()</b></a> [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.clear-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  413. <dd>
  414. <p>Resets an element. This function removes all subelements, clears
  415. all attributes, and sets the text and tail attributes to None.</p>
  416. </dd>
  417. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.find-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.find-method'><b>find(path)</b></a> &rArr; Element or None [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.find-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  418. <dd>
  419. <p>Finds the first matching subelement, by tag name or path.</p>
  420. <dl>
  421. <dt><i>path</i></dt>
  422. <dd>
  423. What element to look for.</dd>
  424. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  425. <dd>
  426. The first matching element, or None if no element was found.</dd>
  427. </dl><br />
  428. </dd>
  429. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.findall-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.findall-method'><b>findall(path)</b></a> &rArr; list of Element instances [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.findall-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  430. <dd>
  431. <p>Finds all matching subelements, by tag name or path.</p>
  432. <dl>
  433. <dt><i>path</i></dt>
  434. <dd>
  435. What element to look for.</dd>
  436. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  437. <dd>
  438. A list or iterator containing all matching elements,
  439. in document order.</dd>
  440. </dl><br />
  441. </dd>
  442. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.findtext-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.findtext-method'><b>findtext(path, default=None)</b></a> &rArr; string [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.findtext-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  443. <dd>
  444. <p>Finds text for the first matching subelement, by tag name or path.</p>
  445. <dl>
  446. <dt><i>path</i></dt>
  447. <dd>
  448. What element to look for.</dd>
  449. <dt><i>default</i></dt>
  450. <dd>
  451. What to return if the element was not found.</dd>
  452. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  453. <dd>
  454. The text content of the first matching element, or the
  455. default value no element was found. Note that if the element
  456. has is found, but has no text content, this method returns an
  457. empty string.</dd>
  458. </dl><br />
  459. </dd>
  460. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.get-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.get-method'><b>get(key, default=None)</b></a> &rArr; string or None [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.get-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  461. <dd>
  462. <p>Gets an element attribute.</p>
  463. <dl>
  464. <dt><i>key</i></dt>
  465. <dd>
  466. What attribute to look for.</dd>
  467. <dt><i>default</i></dt>
  468. <dd>
  469. What to return if the attribute was not found.</dd>
  470. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  471. <dd>
  472. The attribute value, or the default value, if the
  473. attribute was not found.</dd>
  474. </dl><br />
  475. </dd>
  476. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.getchildren-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.getchildren-method'><b>getchildren()</b></a> &rArr; list of Element instances [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.getchildren-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  477. <dd>
  478. <p>Returns all subelements. The elements are returned in document
  479. order.</p>
  480. <dl>
  481. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  482. <dd>
  483. A list of subelements.</dd>
  484. </dl><br />
  485. </dd>
  486. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.getiterator-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.getiterator-method'><b>getiterator(tag=None)</b></a> &rArr; list or iterator [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.getiterator-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  487. <dd>
  488. <p>Creates a tree iterator. The iterator loops over this element
  489. and all subelements, in document order, and returns all elements
  490. with a matching tag.
  491. </p><p>
  492. If the tree structure is modified during iteration, the result
  493. is undefined.
  494. </p><dl>
  495. <dt><i>tag</i></dt>
  496. <dd>
  497. What tags to look for (default is to return all elements).</dd>
  498. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  499. <dd>
  500. A list or iterator containing all the matching elements.</dd>
  501. </dl><br />
  502. </dd>
  503. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.insert-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.insert-method'><b>insert(index, element)</b></a> [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.insert-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  504. <dd>
  505. <p>Inserts a subelement at the given position in this element.</p>
  506. <dl>
  507. <dt><i>index</i></dt>
  508. <dd>
  509. Where to insert the new subelement.</dd>
  510. <dt>Raises <b>AssertionError</b>:</dt><dd>
  511. If the element is not a valid object.</dd>
  512. </dl><br />
  513. </dd>
  514. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.items-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.items-method'><b>items()</b></a> &rArr; list of (string, string) tuples [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.items-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  515. <dd>
  516. <p>Gets element attributes, as a sequence. The attributes are
  517. returned in an arbitrary order.</p>
  518. <dl>
  519. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  520. <dd>
  521. A list of (name, value) tuples for all attributes.</dd>
  522. </dl><br />
  523. </dd>
  524. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.keys-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.keys-method'><b>keys()</b></a> &rArr; list of strings [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.keys-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  525. <dd>
  526. <p>Gets a list of attribute names. The names are returned in an
  527. arbitrary order (just like for an ordinary Python dictionary).</p>
  528. <dl>
  529. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  530. <dd>
  531. A list of element attribute names.</dd>
  532. </dl><br />
  533. </dd>
  534. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.makeelement-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.makeelement-method'><b>makeelement(tag, attrib)</b></a> [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.makeelement-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  535. <dd>
  536. <p>Creates a new element object of the same type as this element.</p>
  537. <dl>
  538. <dt><i>tag</i></dt>
  539. <dd>
  540. Element tag.</dd>
  541. <dt><i>attrib</i></dt>
  542. <dd>
  543. Element attributes, given as a dictionary.</dd>
  544. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  545. <dd>
  546. A new element instance.</dd>
  547. </dl><br />
  548. </dd>
  549. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.remove-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.remove-method'><b>remove(element)</b></a> [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.remove-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  550. <dd>
  551. <p>Removes a matching subelement. Unlike the <b>find</b> methods,
  552. this method compares elements based on identity, not on tag
  553. value or contents.
  554. </p><dl>
  555. <dt><i>element</i></dt>
  556. <dd>
  557. What element to remove.</dd>
  558. <dt>Raises <b>ValueError</b>:</dt><dd>
  559. If a matching element could not be found.</dd>
  560. <dt>Raises <b>AssertionError</b>:</dt><dd>
  561. If the element is not a valid object.</dd>
  562. </dl><br />
  563. </dd>
  564. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.set-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.set-method'><b>set(key, value)</b></a> [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.set-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  565. <dd>
  566. <p>Sets an element attribute.</p>
  567. <dl>
  568. <dt><i>key</i></dt>
  569. <dd>
  570. What attribute to set.</dd>
  571. <dt><i>value</i></dt>
  572. <dd>
  573. The attribute value.</dd>
  574. </dl><br />
  575. </dd>
  576. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.tag-attribute' name='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.tag-attribute'><b>tag</b></a> [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.tag-attribute'>#</a>]</dt>
  577. <dd>
  578. <p>(Attribute) Element tag.</p>
  579. </dd>
  580. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.tail-attribute' name='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.tail-attribute'><b>tail</b></a> [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.tail-attribute'>#</a>]</dt>
  581. <dd>
  582. <p>(Attribute) Text after this element's end tag, but before the
  583. next sibling element's start tag. This is either a string or
  584. the value None, if there was no text.</p>
  585. </dd>
  586. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.text-attribute' name='elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.text-attribute'><b>text</b></a> [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree._ElementInterface.text-attribute'>#</a>]</dt>
  587. <dd>
  588. <p>(Attribute) Text before first subelement. This is either a
  589. string or the value None, if there was no text.</p>
  590. </dd>
  591. </dl>
  592. <h2><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree-class' name='elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree-class'>The ElementTree Class</a></h2>
  593. <dl>
  594. <dt><b>ElementTree(element=None, file=None)</b> (class) [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree-class'>#</a>]</dt>
  595. <dd>
  596. <p>ElementTree wrapper class. This class represents an entire element
  597. hierarchy, and adds some extra support for serialization to and from
  598. standard XML.</p>
  599. <dl>
  600. <dt><i>element</i></dt>
  601. <dd>
  602. Optional root element.</dd>
  603. <dt><i>file=</i></dt>
  604. <dd>
  605. Optional file handle or name. If given, the
  606. tree is initialized with the contents of this XML file.</dd>
  607. </dl><br />
  608. </dd>
  609. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree._setroot-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree._setroot-method'><b>_setroot(element)</b></a> [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree._setroot-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  610. <dd>
  611. <p>Replaces the root element for this tree. This discards the
  612. current contents of the tree, and replaces it with the given
  613. element. Use with care.</p>
  614. <dl>
  615. <dt><i>element</i></dt>
  616. <dd>
  617. An element instance.</dd>
  618. </dl><br />
  619. </dd>
  620. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree.find-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree.find-method'><b>find(path)</b></a> &rArr; Element or None [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree.find-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  621. <dd>
  622. <p>Finds the first toplevel element with given tag.
  623. Same as getroot().find(path).</p>
  624. <dl>
  625. <dt><i>path</i></dt>
  626. <dd>
  627. What element to look for.</dd>
  628. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  629. <dd>
  630. The first matching element, or None if no element was found.</dd>
  631. </dl><br />
  632. </dd>
  633. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree.findall-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree.findall-method'><b>findall(path)</b></a> &rArr; list of Element instances [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree.findall-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  634. <dd>
  635. <p>Finds all toplevel elements with the given tag.
  636. Same as getroot().findall(path).</p>
  637. <dl>
  638. <dt><i>path</i></dt>
  639. <dd>
  640. What element to look for.</dd>
  641. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  642. <dd>
  643. A list or iterator containing all matching elements,
  644. in document order.</dd>
  645. </dl><br />
  646. </dd>
  647. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree.findtext-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree.findtext-method'><b>findtext(path, default=None)</b></a> &rArr; string [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree.findtext-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  648. <dd>
  649. <p>Finds the element text for the first toplevel element with given
  650. tag. Same as getroot().findtext(path).</p>
  651. <dl>
  652. <dt><i>path</i></dt>
  653. <dd>
  654. What toplevel element to look for.</dd>
  655. <dt><i>default</i></dt>
  656. <dd>
  657. What to return if the element was not found.</dd>
  658. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  659. <dd>
  660. The text content of the first matching element, or the
  661. default value no element was found. Note that if the element
  662. has is found, but has no text content, this method returns an
  663. empty string.</dd>
  664. </dl><br />
  665. </dd>
  666. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree.getiterator-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree.getiterator-method'><b>getiterator(tag=None)</b></a> &rArr; iterator [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree.getiterator-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  667. <dd>
  668. <p>Creates a tree iterator for the root element. The iterator loops
  669. over all elements in this tree, in document order.</p>
  670. <dl>
  671. <dt><i>tag</i></dt>
  672. <dd>
  673. What tags to look for (default is to return all elements)</dd>
  674. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  675. <dd>
  676. An iterator.</dd>
  677. </dl><br />
  678. </dd>
  679. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree.getroot-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree.getroot-method'><b>getroot()</b></a> &rArr; Element [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree.getroot-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  680. <dd>
  681. <p>Gets the root element for this tree.</p>
  682. <dl>
  683. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  684. <dd>
  685. An element instance.</dd>
  686. </dl><br />
  687. </dd>
  688. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree.parse-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree.parse-method'><b>parse(source, parser=None)</b></a> &rArr; Element [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree.parse-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  689. <dd>
  690. <p>Loads an external XML document into this element tree.</p>
  691. <dl>
  692. <dt><i>source</i></dt>
  693. <dd>
  694. A file name or file object.</dd>
  695. <dt><i>parser</i></dt>
  696. <dd>
  697. An optional parser instance. If not given, the
  698. standard <a class="link" href="#elementtree.ElementTree.XMLTreeBuilder-class"><b>XMLTreeBuilder</b></a> parser is used.
  699. </dd>
  700. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  701. <dd>
  702. The document root element.</dd>
  703. </dl><br />
  704. </dd>
  705. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree.write-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree.write-method'><b>write(file, encoding=&quot;us-ascii&quot;)</b></a> [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.ElementTree.write-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  706. <dd>
  707. <p>Writes the element tree to a file, as XML.</p>
  708. <dl>
  709. <dt><i>file</i></dt>
  710. <dd>
  711. A file name, or a file object opened for writing.</dd>
  712. <dt><i>encoding</i></dt>
  713. <dd>
  714. Optional output encoding (default is US-ASCII).</dd>
  715. </dl><br />
  716. </dd>
  717. </dl>
  718. <h2><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.iterparse-class' name='elementtree.ElementTree.iterparse-class'>The iterparse Class</a></h2>
  719. <dl>
  720. <dt><b>iterparse(source, events=None)</b> (class) [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.iterparse-class'>#</a>]</dt>
  721. <dd>
  722. <p>Parses an XML document into an element tree incrementally, and reports
  723. what's going on to the user.</p>
  724. <dl>
  725. <dt><i>source</i></dt>
  726. <dd>
  727. A filename or file object containing XML data.</dd>
  728. <dt><i>events</i></dt>
  729. <dd>
  730. A list of events to report back. If omitted, only &quot;end&quot;
  731. events are reported.</dd>
  732. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  733. <dd>
  734. A (event, elem) iterator.</dd>
  735. </dl><br />
  736. </dd>
  737. </dl>
  738. <h2><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.QName-class' name='elementtree.ElementTree.QName-class'>The QName Class</a></h2>
  739. <dl>
  740. <dt><b>QName(text_or_uri, tag=None)</b> (class) [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.QName-class'>#</a>]</dt>
  741. <dd>
  742. <p>QName wrapper. This can be used to wrap a QName attribute value, in
  743. order to get proper namespace handling on output.</p>
  744. <dl>
  745. <dt><i>text</i></dt>
  746. <dd>
  747. A string containing the QName value, in the form {uri}local,
  748. or, if the tag argument is given, the URI part of a QName.</dd>
  749. <dt><i>tag</i></dt>
  750. <dd>
  751. Optional tag. If given, the first argument is interpreted as
  752. an URI, and this argument is interpreted as a local name.</dd>
  753. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  754. <dd>
  755. An opaque object, representing the QName.</dd>
  756. </dl><br />
  757. </dd>
  758. </dl>
  759. <h2><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder-class' name='elementtree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder-class'>The TreeBuilder Class</a></h2>
  760. <dl>
  761. <dt><b>TreeBuilder(element_factory=None)</b> (class) [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder-class'>#</a>]</dt>
  762. <dd>
  763. <p>Generic element structure builder. This builder converts a sequence
  764. of <a class="link" href="#elementtree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder.start-method"><b>start</b></a>, <a class="link" href="#elementtree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder.data-method"><b>data</b></a>, and <a class="link" href="#elementtree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder.end-method"><b>end</b></a> method calls to a well-formed element structure.
  765. </p><p>
  766. You can use this class to build an element structure using a custom XML
  767. parser, or a parser for some other XML-like format.
  768. </p><dl>
  769. <dt><i>element_factory</i></dt>
  770. <dd>
  771. Optional element factory. This factory
  772. is called to create new Element instances, as necessary.</dd>
  773. </dl><br />
  774. </dd>
  775. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder.close-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder.close-method'><b>close()</b></a> &rArr; Element [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder.close-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  776. <dd>
  777. <p>Flushes the parser buffers, and returns the toplevel documen
  778. element.</p>
  779. <dl>
  780. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  781. <dd>
  782. An Element instance.</dd>
  783. </dl><br />
  784. </dd>
  785. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder.data-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder.data-method'><b>data(data)</b></a> [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder.data-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  786. <dd>
  787. <p>Adds text to the current element.</p>
  788. <dl>
  789. <dt><i>data</i></dt>
  790. <dd>
  791. A string. This should be either an 8-bit string
  792. containing ASCII text, or a Unicode string.</dd>
  793. </dl><br />
  794. </dd>
  795. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder.end-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder.end-method'><b>end(tag)</b></a> &rArr; Element [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder.end-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  796. <dd>
  797. <p>Closes the current element.</p>
  798. <dl>
  799. <dt><i>tag</i></dt>
  800. <dd>
  801. The element name.</dd>
  802. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  803. <dd>
  804. The closed element.</dd>
  805. </dl><br />
  806. </dd>
  807. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder.start-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder.start-method'><b>start(tag, attrs)</b></a> &rArr; Element [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder.start-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  808. <dd>
  809. <p>Opens a new element.</p>
  810. <dl>
  811. <dt><i>tag</i></dt>
  812. <dd>
  813. The element name.</dd>
  814. <dt><i>attrib</i></dt>
  815. <dd>
  816. A dictionary containing element attributes.</dd>
  817. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  818. <dd>
  819. The opened element.</dd>
  820. </dl><br />
  821. </dd>
  822. </dl>
  823. <h2><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.XMLTreeBuilder-class' name='elementtree.ElementTree.XMLTreeBuilder-class'>The XMLTreeBuilder Class</a></h2>
  824. <dl>
  825. <dt><b>XMLTreeBuilder(html=0, target=None)</b> (class) [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.XMLTreeBuilder-class'>#</a>]</dt>
  826. <dd>
  827. <p>Element structure builder for XML source data, based on the
  828. <b>expat</b> parser.
  829. </p><dl>
  830. <dt><i>target=</i></dt>
  831. <dd>
  832. Target object. If omitted, the builder uses an
  833. instance of the standard <a class="link" href="#elementtree.ElementTree.TreeBuilder-class"><b>TreeBuilder</b></a> class.
  834. </dd>
  835. <dt><i>html=</i></dt>
  836. <dd>
  837. Predefine HTML entities. This flag is not supported
  838. by the current implementation.</dd>
  839. </dl><br />
  840. </dd>
  841. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.XMLTreeBuilder.close-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree.XMLTreeBuilder.close-method'><b>close()</b></a> &rArr; Element [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.XMLTreeBuilder.close-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  842. <dd>
  843. <p>Finishes feeding data to the parser.</p>
  844. <dl>
  845. <dt>Returns:</dt>
  846. <dd>
  847. An element structure.</dd>
  848. </dl><br />
  849. </dd>
  850. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.XMLTreeBuilder.doctype-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree.XMLTreeBuilder.doctype-method'><b>doctype(name, pubid, system)</b></a> [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.XMLTreeBuilder.doctype-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  851. <dd>
  852. <p>Handles a doctype declaration.</p>
  853. <dl>
  854. <dt><i>name</i></dt>
  855. <dd>
  856. Doctype name.</dd>
  857. <dt><i>pubid</i></dt>
  858. <dd>
  859. Public identifier.</dd>
  860. <dt><i>system</i></dt>
  861. <dd>
  862. System identifier.</dd>
  863. </dl><br />
  864. </dd>
  865. <dt><a id='elementtree.ElementTree.XMLTreeBuilder.feed-method' name='elementtree.ElementTree.XMLTreeBuilder.feed-method'><b>feed(data)</b></a> [<a href='#elementtree.ElementTree.XMLTreeBuilder.feed-method'>#</a>]</dt>
  866. <dd>
  867. <p>Feeds data to the parser.</p>
  868. <dl>
  869. <dt><i>data</i></dt>
  870. <dd>
  871. Encoded data.</dd>
  872. </dl><br />
  873. </dd>
  874. </dl>
  875. </body></html>